The European Banking Authority (EBA) has decided to enforce new and stronger security requirements of internet payments, effective from August 2015 ref: https://www.eba.europa.eu/-/eba-issues-guidelines-to-strengthen-requirements-for-the-security-of-internet-payments-across-the--1 The strong authentication requirements defined within the ‘SecuRe Pay’ framework creates the new rules of liability for all payment service providers –PSP - throughout EU/EEA, quotation: “PSPs with no or only weak authentication [...]

In Norway we see the same trends as elsewhere; banks close down branches and increase their digital presence. I used to work within the banking / finance industry in Norway for many years. We often discussed the edge of being a local bank, and actually we still have small local banks with more than 50 % [...]